Difference between revisions of "Annotating Tumbuka"

Latest revision as of 20:52, 28 January 2016

THIS PAGE IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION

For more information about Tumbuka (CiTumbuka)see:Typological Features Template for Tumbuka (CiTumbuka)

One of the challenges in glossing a Bantu language is the representation of the verb and its affixes. Bantu languages are agglutinating, and a verb in Tumbuka can be preceded by several prefixes, and it can be followed by several suffixes. Suffixes can be followed by end-clitics, such as -só meaning 'again' or po which is a locative. One way of representing verb affixation is through the use of verb schemata where the verb root is accompanied by slots (SLT) each of which hosts one or several affixes of a specific grammatical type.

**Morphological Verb Template for Tumbuka**
SUBJ.M	TA1	(MOD)	(OM),(REFL)	ROOT	(EXT)	(TA2)	FV	(Clitic)
SLT1	SLT2	SLT3	SLT4		SLT5	SLT6	SLT7	SLT8

Note that only the subject marker (expressing noun class agreement) a tense/aspect marker, both preceding the root and a final vowel are obligatory, all other verb extensions are optional. The subject marker has a dual functional status; in case of a realised subject it functions as an agreement marker,otherwise as an incorporated pronominal argument (see (Bresnan and Mchombo 1986, 1987)

.

**Verbal affixes in CiTumbuka**
Slot	Suffix	Example	Comment
1	Subject agreement or Subject pro-form
2	Tense & Aspect
3	Modality
4	Object marker, Reflexive marker
5	Extension (Derivation)
6	Tense & Aspect
7	Final Vowel (Mood)
8	Clitics

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{TcCopyEdit}}
+by [[User:Jean Chavula|Jean Chavula]]
 '''THIS PAGE IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION'''
-One of the challenges when glossing a Bantu language is the annotation of the verb's affixes since aggultination is one of the characteristics
+For more information about Tumbuka (CiTumbuka)see:[[Typological Features Template for Tumbuka (CiTumbuka)]]
-of Bantu languages so that a verb in Chichewa can be preceded by up tp 4 prefixes and followed by up to 3 suffixes. One way of representing verb affixation is in terms of a verb schema where the verb root is accompanied by slots (SLT) each of which hosts one or several affixes of a specific grammatical type
-{| "border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="2"
+One of the challenges in glossing a Bantu language is the representation of the verb and its affixes. Bantu languages are agglutinating, and a verb in Tumbuka can be preceded by several prefixes, and it can be followed by several suffixes. Suffixes can be followed by end-clitics, such as ''-só'' meaning 'again' or ''po'' which is a locative. One way of representing verb affixation is through the use of verb schemata where the verb root is accompanied by slots (SLT) each of which hosts one or several affixes of a specific grammatical type.
+{| style="width:55%; height:50px" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="2"
 |- style=background:#FF8C00; color:#006400
-| (NEG)||SUBJ.AGR|| TA1||(OM)||style="color:red" |ROOT||(DS)||(TA2)||FV
+|+ style="color:brown"|'''Morphological Verb Template for Tumbuka'''
+|SUBJ.M|| TA1||(MOD)||(OM),(REFL)||style="color:yellow" |ROOT||(EXT)||(TA2)||FV||(Clitic)
 |-style=background:#FF8C00; color:#00640
-| SLT1||SLT2||SLT3||SLT4||||SLT5||SLT6||SLT7
+| SLT1||SLT2||SLT3||SLT4||||SLT5||SLT6||SLT7||SLT8
 |}
-'''MORE SOON'''   :=)
+Note that only the subject marker (expressing noun class agreement)  a tense/aspect marker, both preceding the root
+and a final vowel are obligatory, all other verb extensions are optional. The subject marker has a dual functional status; in case of
+a realised subject it functions as an agreement marker,otherwise as an incorporated pronominal argument (see [[Bantu Bibliography|(Bresnan and Mchombo 1986, 1987)]]
+.
+{|| border="1" cellpadding="2"
+|-style="color:brown"
+|+ align="bottom" style="caption-side: bottom; color:brown" |'''Verbal affixes in CiTumbuka'''
+!width="50"|Slot
+!width="225"|Suffix
+!width="225"|Example
+!width="225"|Comment
+|- style="background:white;color:brown"
+|--style="color:brown"
+|1||Subject agreement or Subject pro-form||<Phrase>6328</Phrase>
+||
+|-style="color:brown"
+|2||Tense & Aspect || ||
+|-style="color:brown"
+|3||Modality||<Phrase>5748</Phrase>
+ ||
+|-style="color:brown"
+|4||Object marker, Reflexive marker||<Phrase>6349</Phrase>
+<Phrase>6321</Phrase>
+ ||
+|-style="color:brown"
+|5||Extension (Derivation)|| ||
+|-style="color:brown"
+|6||Tense & Aspect ||<Phrase>5997</Phrase>
+ ||
+|-style="color:brown"
+|7||Final Vowel (Mood) || ||
+|-style="color:brown"
+|8||Clitics|| ||
+|}