Difference between revisions of "Exceptions to the Norwegian Passive"
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{{Infobox book | {{Infobox book | ||
| + | | name = [http://folk.uio.no/helgelo/passive-except.pdf Exceptions to the Norwegian passive: Unaccusativity, aspect and thematic roles] | ||
|italic title=no | |italic title=no | ||
|type= in-book | |type= in-book | ||
| − | |author= Helge Lødrup | + | |author= [http://folk.uio.no/helgelo/ Helge Lødrup] |
|journal=Norsk lingvistisk tidsskrift | |journal=Norsk lingvistisk tidsskrift | ||
|pages= 37-54 | |pages= 37-54 | ||
| Line 10: | Line 11: | ||
|annotator=[[User:Lars_Isak_Alseth_Askheim|Isak Askheim]] | |annotator=[[User:Lars_Isak_Alseth_Askheim|Isak Askheim]] | ||
|corpus= [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Exceptions to the Norwegian Passive] | |corpus= [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Exceptions to the Norwegian Passive] | ||
| − | |||
}} | }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | By [[User:Lars_Isak_Alseth_Askheim|Isak Askheim]] | ||
| + | |||
{{IGT}} | {{IGT}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ===Keyterms=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | morphological passive, <br> periphrastic passive, <br> unaccusative verbs, <br> perfectivity, <br> thematic role hierarchy | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ===Summary=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | In this article the author, Helge Lødrup, wants to show that the Norwegian passive has different exceptions to the different for of passive, morphological and periphrastic. Exceptions to the passive is sensitive to thematic roles, and the periphrastic passive is related to perfectivity. The author also argues that the unaccusativity hypothesis is unsatisfactory. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The (syntactic) unaccusativity hypothesis should, according to the author, be replaced with a semantic one. This way, unaccusative verbs will have a theme subject, and verbs with a theme subject cannot passivize. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The author argues that exceptions to the passive should be treated independently of the valency of the verb in question. He agrees with common assumptions that an aspectual difference between the morphological and periphrastic passive is a central part of the difference. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Verbs with benefactive and experiencer subject often lack a periphrastic passive, and verb that lack a morphological passive also lacks a periphrastic passive. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Verbs that denote "the actual perception of some entity" can be stative and non-stative. The periphrastic passive can not be used with the former. The author argues that these verbs need two separate entries. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The author also points out that the passive auxiliary 'være' can be interpreted as the perfect of passive 'bli' for non-stative verbs, but for stative verbs, there would hardly be a difference in meaning. | ||
| + | |||
===Original Interlinear Glossed Text=== | ===Original Interlinear Glossed Text=== | ||
| Line 22: | Line 46: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(1) The morphological passive with the -s-suffix: | |(1) The morphological passive with the -s-suffix: | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Kaken stekes i ovnen]. <br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30639 Kaken stekes i ovnen]. <br> |
The-cake bake-PASSIVE in the-oven | The-cake bake-PASSIVE in the-oven | ||
|(2) The periphrastic passive with the auxiliary bli 'become' and the passive participle: | |(2) The periphrastic passive with the auxiliary bli 'become' and the passive participle: | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/ Kaken blir stekt i ovnen] <br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30640 Kaken blir stekt i ovnen] <br> |
The-cake becomes baked in the-oven | The-cake becomes baked in the-oven | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(6) | |(6) | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ *Dette redskapet blir behøvd] <br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30641 *Dette redskapet blir behøvd] <br> |
This tool becomes needed | This tool becomes needed | ||
|(16) | |(16) | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Salaten ble smakt på] <br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30642 Salaten ble smakt på] <br> |
The salad became tasted on | The salad became tasted on | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(17) | |(17) | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Hvitløken smakes ikke i det hele tatt] <br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30643 Hvitløken smakes ikke i det hele tatt] <br> |
The garlic taste-PASSIVE not at all | The garlic taste-PASSIVE not at all | ||
| − | |||
|(18) | |(18) | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ *Hvitløken blir ikke smakt i det hele tatt] <br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30644 *Hvitløken blir ikke smakt i det hele tatt] <br> |
The garlic becomes not tasted at all | The garlic becomes not tasted at all | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(24) | |(24) | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Kaken blir stekt i ovnen]<br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30645 Kaken blir stekt i ovnen]<br> |
The-cake becomes baked in the-oven <br> | The-cake becomes baked in the-oven <br> | ||
'The cake is being baked in the oven' | 'The cake is being baked in the oven' | ||
|(25) | |(25) | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Kaken er stekt i ovnen]<br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30646 Kaken er stekt i ovnen]<br> |
The-cake is baked in the-oven <br> | The-cake is baked in the-oven <br> | ||
'The cake has been baked in the oven' | 'The cake has been baked in the oven' | ||
| Line 57: | Line 80: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(26) | |(26) | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Kongen blir elsket av alle]<br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30647 Kongen blir elsket av alle]<br> |
The-king becomes loved by everybody <br> | The-king becomes loved by everybody <br> | ||
'The king is loved by everybody' | 'The king is loved by everybody' | ||
|(27) | |(27) | ||
| − | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/ Kongen er elsket av alle]<br> | + | [http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1873/30648 Kongen er elsket av alle]<br> |
The-king is loved by everybody <br> | The-king is loved by everybody <br> | ||
'The king is loved by everybody' | 'The king is loved by everybody' | ||
| − | |||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Interlinear Glossed Text from Linguistic Research|H]] | [[Category:Interlinear Glossed Text from Linguistic Research|H]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:54, 24 May 2012
| Exceptions to the Norwegian passive: Unaccusativity, aspect and thematic roles | |
|---|---|
| Type | in-book |
| Author(s) | Helge Lødrup |
| Journal | Norsk lingvistisk tidsskrift |
| Pages | 37-54 |
| Volume | 1, 2000 |
| Country | Norway |
| Annotator | Isak Askheim |
| Corpus Link | Exceptions to the Norwegian Passive |
| Language | Norwegian Bokmål |
By Isak Askheim
General Information
This article belongs to the TC Category Interlinear Glossed Text from Linguistic Research.
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IGT are normally demarcated through indenting, numbering and a space above and under the example. One line of text is followed by one line of glosses and a line with free translation completes the pattern. IGTs from linguistic publications are of particular interest, since they represent a unique alignment of language data and linguistic theory. Example sentences from seminal articles are not rarely quoted in linguistic publications for decades which is another good reason why they need our attention.
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Keyterms
morphological passive,
periphrastic passive,
unaccusative verbs,
perfectivity,
thematic role hierarchy
Summary
In this article the author, Helge Lødrup, wants to show that the Norwegian passive has different exceptions to the different for of passive, morphological and periphrastic. Exceptions to the passive is sensitive to thematic roles, and the periphrastic passive is related to perfectivity. The author also argues that the unaccusativity hypothesis is unsatisfactory.
The (syntactic) unaccusativity hypothesis should, according to the author, be replaced with a semantic one. This way, unaccusative verbs will have a theme subject, and verbs with a theme subject cannot passivize.
The author argues that exceptions to the passive should be treated independently of the valency of the verb in question. He agrees with common assumptions that an aspectual difference between the morphological and periphrastic passive is a central part of the difference.
Verbs with benefactive and experiencer subject often lack a periphrastic passive, and verb that lack a morphological passive also lacks a periphrastic passive.
Verbs that denote "the actual perception of some entity" can be stative and non-stative. The periphrastic passive can not be used with the former. The author argues that these verbs need two separate entries.
The author also points out that the passive auxiliary 'være' can be interpreted as the perfect of passive 'bli' for non-stative verbs, but for stative verbs, there would hardly be a difference in meaning.
Original Interlinear Glossed Text
| (1) The morphological passive with the -s-suffix:
Kaken stekes i ovnen. |
(2) The periphrastic passive with the auxiliary bli 'become' and the passive participle:
Kaken blir stekt i ovnen |
| (6)
*Dette redskapet blir behøvd |
(16)
Salaten ble smakt på |
| (17)
Hvitløken smakes ikke i det hele tatt |
(18)
*Hvitløken blir ikke smakt i det hele tatt |
| (24)
Kaken blir stekt i ovnen |
(25)
Kaken er stekt i ovnen |
| (26)
Kongen blir elsket av alle |
(27)
Kongen er elsket av alle |