Sentence adverbials
Sentence adverbials (in the form of adverbs, adverb phrases and prepositional phrases) mostly occur at the end of a clause. However, they can also occur adjacent to the finite verb, as illustrated below. Some adverbs, often called sentence adverbs, even have this as their main position. In main clause, this position is right after the finite verb, in subordinate clauses right before it.
(1) Time adverb after the finite verb in main clause:
Hun har idag hoppet.
“she today has jumped”
| hoppet |
| hoppe | t |
| jump | PRFPTCP |
| V |
(2) Negation adverb after the finite verb in main clause:
Hun har ikke hoppet.
“she has not jumped”
(3) Time adverb preceding the finite verb in subordinate clause:
Jeg vet at hun idag har hoppet.
“I know that she has jumped today”
| hoppet |
| hoppe | t |
| jump | PRFPTCP |
| V |
(4) Negation adverb preceding the finite verb in subordinate clause:
Jeg vet at hun ikke har hoppet idag.
“I know that she hasn't jumped today”
| hoppet |
| hoppe | t |
| jump | PRFPTCP |
| V |
In main, declarative clauses, an adverbial can also occur clause initially; the subject is then moved behind the finite verb (see Subject-Verb Inversion in Norwegian):
(5) Fronted adverb in declarative main clause, with Subject-Verb Inversion:
Idag har hun hoppet langt.
“today she has jumped far”
| hoppet |
| hoppe | t |
| jump | PRFPTCP |
| V |
Related pages
Subject-Verb Inversion in Norwegian
Sentence syntax - Norwegian