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Circumstantial

  • SEM: E1-circumstantial E2
  • SYN: V1-modality +V2
24).
她晚上一个人出去害怕
“She is afraid to go out at night alone.”
sheSBJ3SGFEM
PN
wănshàng
wănshàng
at.night
ADVtemp
yīgèrén
rén
oneCLperson
ADVm
chūqù
chūqù
go.outPRED
V1
hàipà
hàipà
is.afraidPRED
V2
25).
那个老师说话爱转文。
“That teacher likes to misuse literary words when he talks.”
nèigè
nèi
thatCL
QUANT
lăoshī
lăoshī
teacherSBJAGT
Ncomm
shuōhuà
shuōhuà
talkPRED
V1
ài
ài
likePRED
V2
zhuăn
zhuăn
misusePRED
V3
wén
wén
literary.wordsOBJPT
Ncomm
26).
你念书很有成就吧?
“Is your studying going very well?”
youSBJAGT2SG
PN
niàn
niàn
readPRED
V1
shū
shū
bookOBJPT
Ncomm
hĕn
hĕn
very
ADVm
yŏu
yŏu
havePRED
V2
chéngjiù
chéngjiù
sucessOBJPT
N
ba?
ba?
INTR
PRT
27).
我一个人晚上出去很害怕。
“I am very afraid of going out at night alone.”
ISBJAGT1SG
PN
yīgè
oneCL
QUANT
rén
rén
person
N
wănshàng
wănshàng
at.nightATV
ADVm
chū
chū
exitPRED
V1
goDIR
V2
hĕn
hĕn
very
ADVm
hàipà
hàipà
fearPRED
V3
28).
他/她骑马抽烟。
“S/He smokes while riding a horse.”
s/heSBJAGT3SGFEMMASC
PN
ridePRED
V1
horseOBJPT
Ncomm
chōu
chōu
pumpPRED
V2
yān
yān
smokeOBJPT
Ncomm